Impact of COVID-19 vaccination or infection on disease activity in a radiologically isolated syndrome cohort: The VaxiRIS study
2 Service de Neurologie [CHU Nice]
3 Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine
4 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center [Dallas]
5 Faculty of Medicine [Hacettepe University]
6 Kocaeli University [Turkey]
7 OMU - Ondokuz Mayis University
8 Département de Neurologie [Hôpital Gui de Chauliac - CHU Montpellier]
9 Service de neurologie fonctionnelle et d'épileptologie [Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer-HCL]
10 IGF MGX - Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle - Montpellier GenomiX
11 Département Neurologie [CHU Toulouse]
12 Infinity - Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires
13 LilNCog - Lille Neurosciences & Cognition - U 1172
14 Service de neurologie [Rouen]
15 CHUGA - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [CHU Grenoble]
16 TIMC-T-RAIG - Translational Research in Autoimmunity and Inflammation Group
17 Centre d’Investigation Clinique Plurithématique (CIC - P) - CIC Strasbourg
18 Service de Neurologie générale, vasculaire et dégénérative (CHU de Dijon)
19 Service de neurologie [Poitiers]
20 USC - University of Southern California
21 Mayo Clinic [Rochester]
22 Service de Neurologie [CHU Caen]
23 Service de neurologie [Hôpital Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild]
24 CIC Neurosciences - Centre d'investigation clinique Neurosciences [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière]
25 Yale University [New Haven]
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Résumé
Background: Vaccination in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with immunosuppressive drugs is highly recommended. Regarding COVID-19 vaccination, no specific concern has been raised. Objectives: We aimed to evaluate if COVID-19 vaccination or infection increased the risk of disease activity, either radiological or clinical, with conversion to MS in a cohort of people with a radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS). Methods: This multicentric observational study analyzed patients in the RIS Consortium cohort during the pandemic between January 2020 and December 2022. We compared the occurrence of disease activity in patients according to their vaccination status. The same analysis was conducted by comparing patients' history of COVID-19 infection. Results: No difference was found concerning clinical conversion to MS in the vaccinated versus unvaccinated group (6.7% vs 8.5%, p > 0.9). The rate of disease activity was not statistically different (13.6% and 7.4%, respectively, p = 0.54). The clinical conversion rate to MS was not significantly different in patients with a documented COVID-19 infection versus non-infected patients. Conclusion: Our study suggests that COVID-19 infection or immunization in RIS individuals does not increase the risk of disease activity. Our results support that COVID-19 vaccination can be safely proposed and repeated for these subjects.